Main Ideas
- Stands for Ribonucleic Acid
- Sugar is Ribose
- Nucleotide base contains Nitrogen bases, ribose sugar and a phosphate
- Has same nitrogen bases as DNA expect for Thymine replaced by Uracil
- Single stranded
- Three types of RNA are mRNA, tRNA and rRna
You may have heard of DNA, but it is not the same as RNA. RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid. There are many differences between the two, however this project will focus on RNA. RNA comes in different shapes, but it is usually single stranded. It is a molecule with long chains of nucleotides. All nucleotides contain a nitrogen base, a sugar and a phosphate. The nitrogen bases that RNA has are Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine. The sugar is ribose. The main purpose of RNA is that it is involved in protein synthesis. The RNA travels from the nucleus to the ribosomes. There are three types of RNA. They are mRNA(messenger RNA), tRNA(transfer RNA) and rRNA(ribosomal RNA). Messenger RNA starts out as DNA and goes through the process of transcription where it travels from the nucleus to the ribosomes. Transfer RNA decodes the mRNA sequence into amino acids. The Ribosomal RNA group the amino acids into protein chains.
I learned, from research, ribose sugar is more reactive because it has hydroxyl bonds, which are weak. Something that surprised me was that RNA has large groves that can be attacked by enzymes. I already knew that the four nitrogen bases of RNA are Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine. RNA was something I already knew about from class. I like this objective because it is interesting that RNA looks very similar to DNA but is really different. RNA can be applied outside of biology because you can relate it to a code for different amino acids like code for a computer program.
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Lodish, Harvey et al. "The Three Roles Of RNA In Protein Synthesis". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. N.p., 2016. Web. 12 Nov. 2016.
Is the RNA process very complex while dealing with transcription?
ReplyDeleteThe transcription process has three steps. The first step is Enzymes unzip the DNA molecule. The second step is when free RNA nucleotides from base pairs with the complementary nucleotide Thymine replaced by Uracil and it only happens on one side. The third and final step is when mRNA strand then break away and the two DNA strands rejoin again.
ReplyDeleteReally good job Alex!!!!What is the most different part between DNA and RNA
ReplyDeleteWhat makes DNA are RNA different is that DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded. Also, the sugar for DNA is deoxyribose and the sugar for RNA is ribose. Lastly, the base pairs in DNA are Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine and the base pairs in RNA are Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine and Guanine. With the base pairs Uracil takes the place of Thymine in RNA.
ReplyDeleteHow does a mutation affect the RNA?
ReplyDeleteA mutation occurs in the DNA. If a mutation were to happen the strand of DNA would be altered by one of the three mutations which are Addition, Substitution or Deletion. The RNA would be altered because of the DNA. For example you have a DNA strand of ATTACCCCG. A substitution mutation happens. The DNA strand is AATACCCCG because of the mutation. The RNA strand would look like UAAUGGGGC if the mutation did not occur. If the mutation occurred it would look like UUAUGGGGC.
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